Why do PCBA processing do first article inspection?
2025-04-22
First piece inspection is a mechanism to detect PCBA accidents in batches and prevent errors is to inspect, confirm and test the first product. The first inspection is to detect problems affecting the quality of products in production as soon as possible and to prevent batch defects or scrap. Mass production can only be started after the first test passes all the tests, which reduces the risk of wrong parts, reduces the probability of errors, and effectively improves the quality of production.
Application scenarios generally include:
1. Launch a new product for the first time
2. The start or handover of each work shift
3. Change the product model
4. Adjust equipment, tooling fixtures, feeding fixtures,
5. Change the technical conditions, process methods and process parameters
6. Use new material or material for replacement
Precautions for PCBA processing first article inspection:
1. Do a good job of protective measures, such as electrostatic protection, and the data is correct;
2. Whether the position, polarity, angle, etc. of the mounted components meet the requirements of the technical documents;
3. Whether the quality of the incoming components is qualified, such as: component color, component size, positive and negative electrodes, etc.;
4. Whether the welding quality of the parts meets the requirements of the customer or relevant technical documents;
5. The inspector shall mark the first piece of inspection in accordance with the regulations;
6. The first article inspection must be timely, so as not to reduce the production efficiency;
7. The first piece shall not be processed or operated without passing the inspection.
The purpose of the first piece of inspection
1. The first inspection in the production process is mainly to prevent the batch of products from being out of tolerance and scrapped, which is a means of pre-control in the production process of products, an important method of product process quality control, and an effective and necessary method for enterprises to ensure product quality and improve economic benefits;
2. In the production process, the factors affecting product quality should be found as soon as possible to prevent batch defects or scrapping;
3. The first piece can only enter formal production after passing the inspection, mainly to prevent the occurrence of batch unqualified products;
4. Long-term practical experience has proved that the first inspection system is an effective measure to find problems as soon as possible and prevent products from being scrapped in batches. Through the first inspection, it is possible to find the system reasons such as serious wear and tear of the tool fixture or wrong installation and positioning, poor accuracy of measuring instruments, wrong drawings, wrong feeding or formulas, etc., and take corrective or improvement measures to prevent the occurrence of batch nonconforming products.
PCBA processing first piece detection mechanism
1. Self-inspection: The engineer is mainly self-inspected by the field engineer product, and is mainly led by the field engineer. Engineers can perform self-tests based on the information confirmed above, focusing on the orientation of the component and the patch effect.
2. Mutual inspection: After the engineer checks, the operator will check each other. The focus is to check the BOM and drawings, whether there is a shortage of materials, etc., and notify the production engineer immediately to solve any objections.
3. Comprehensive inspection: After passing the inspection, it will be sent to the quality inspector for comprehensive inspection, generally using a multimeter or ECR bridge, focusing on the measured value of the component and the direction of the component. If so, the BGA needs to use equipment X-ray to check the soldering effect of the internal solder balls. According to the customer's original original situation BOM, check the special processing requirements and models of the product, confirm whether the first batch of production meets the customer's requirements, determine whether the product meets the requirements of the production technical documents, and evaluate whether the production conditions and process parameters can be mass-produced qualified products. The PCBA that passes the "three inspections" retains the sample until the end of mass production.
4. The basis of the three inspection systems is the first, and the comparison standard of the first inspection system is the sample and guidance document agreed in advance by the factory and the customer. The correctness of the sample includes the correctness of the material and the correctness of the welding. The consistency of customer guidance documents and samples takes precedence over documents, and if there are no documents, the samples shall prevail. At all times, we can follow this basic principle, which is not only the protection of our customers, but also our responsibility to them. The aim is to ensure and improve the physical quality and avoid quality loss due to errors on both sides.
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