What material is a PCB board made of?
2024-09-07
The materials of PCB boards mainly include substrates, copper clad laminates, printing inks, solder masks, shielding layers and pads. Among them, the substrate is the main body of the PCB board, accounting for the vast majority of the total thickness, and the other parts are the materials that process and treat the substrate.
1. Substrate:
The substrate is the main part of the PCB board and is usually made of materials such as fiberglass resin or polyimide. Glass fiber grease substrates are commonly used in general electronic products, while polyimide substrates are high-performance PCBs suitable for high-frequency, high-temperature and high-reliability electronic products.
2. Copper pour:
Copper pouring is the coating of a layer of copper foil on the surface of the substrate to form a conductive layer. Typically, the copper clad surface is also chemically etched to create the desired wire and component mounting locations.
3. Printing inks:
Generally, printing ink is used to mark the number of PCB, green paint, black paint, etc., and can also be used as a protective layer for the PCB board to enhance the waterproof, anti-corrosion and insulation capabilities of the PCB board.
4. Solder mask:
Solder mask is to coat the circuit surface of the PCB with an organic polymer coating to cover the circuit area to improve the PCB's insulation, corrosion resistance and packaging performance. Its function is to complete the PCB board engineering process to prevent accidents such as accidental short circuit and leakage during operation.
5. Shielding:
A shielding layer is a layer made of metal materials located on the PCB board, which is mainly used to shield electromagnetic field interference or interference between circuits. Commonly used materials are copper foil, cobalt, nickel and iron.
6. Pads:
A pad is a part of the PCB that is designed to connect electronic components to the pads on the PCB. Solder pads are usually made of copper foil to lead "vertically" to the surface of the PCB.
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