PCB ( PCB ) Industry Chain Analysis
printed circuit boards (Printed circuit board, referred to as PCB) is the assembly of electronic components with the substrate , the substrate in the general design of the formation of the scheduled inter- connection point and print components of India System board . The main features of the product is scheduled to make a variety of electronic components forming the circuit connection , the role of transmission from the relay , is the key to electronic interconnect electronics parts . PCB manufacturing quality, not only directly affect the reliability of electronic products and system products impact the overall competitiveness of the printed circuit board is thus referred to as " the mother of electronic system products . " Printed circuit board industry, the development can to some extent reflect a country or region of the electronics industry speed the development of technical standards .
Glass fiber : glass fiber yarn and other raw materials from the silica sand into the liquid in the furnace burning through very small nozzle pull into a fine glass fiber alloy , and then hundreds of root bound Jiaocheng glass fiber glass . Kiln building huge investment for capital-intensive industries , 30,000 tons of furnace required 400 million yuan , the new furnace needs 18 months, business cycle is difficult to grasp , and once the ignition must be 24-hour production, and over five years About to be discontinued six months maintenance, entry and exit costs enormous .
Fiberglass cloth : glass fiber cloth is one of CCL 's raw materials , yarns made from glass , costs about 40% of CCL ( thick ) and 25 % ( thin ) . Manufacture of glass fiber cloth and weaving companies are similar , can be controlled by controlling the speed and quality of production , and relatively simple specifications and stability since World War II almost did not change much on the specifications . And CCL different glass fiber cloth greatest impact on prices by supply and demand , prices in recent years to 1.00 at 0.50 USD / m fluctuates between . Taiwan and Mainland China's production accounted for 70% of the world . The relationship of upstream and downstream operating key , a loom of the price of 10 to 15 million, more than 100 can be generally normal production , but the subsequent heat treatment and chemical treatment equipment financing higher, up to 10 million , weaving The capacity expansion easier and more flexible.
Copper : Copper is the biggest share of total raw material cost CCL , CCL costs about 30 % ( thick ) and 50 % ( thin ) or more , so the prices of copper prices is the main driving force CCL . Wider application of copper , not applied to copper clad laminate industry, industry downturn, when the laminate , copper foil manufacturers can produce other uses of copper . Closely reflects the price of copper in the copper price changes , with the steadily rising copper prices , copper manufacturers cost pressure to the downstream transfer . Copper industry, the domestic high-tech barrier leading to inadequate supply of high-grade copper foil still need to import large investment costs and set up factories .
Copper Clad Laminate (the CCL): an electronic level for the substrate glass fiber cloth , impregnated with epoxy resin , after drying , the adhesive made of semi- solidified state of film , then in single , double or multi- Rubbing plate thin board copper foil , with a special hot pressing process conditions is made , is the direct PCB raw materials . CCL industry demand for more funds , small-scale plant is about 50 million yuan or so , the higher concentration , there are 100 or so . CCL is a cost -driven industry, cyclical industries, the upstream and downstream industry chain structure , CCL strong bargaining power on the PCB , as long as the downstream demand is acceptable pressure of rising costs can be shifted downstream PCB manufacturer, but only large -scale The CCL can fiberglass cloth, copper and other raw material purchases have a strong voice. As the CCL 's products use a single , only to sell printed circuit board plant , when the PCB recession , only keep the prices down to ensure that capacity utilization.
PCB: compared to the upstream and downstream industries, and printed circuit board industry characteristics determine the degree of industrial concentration is not high ; in the fierce market competition , only those with good market position and operating efficiency of enterprises that have the long-term competitiveness , a common PCB Production line needs 2 more than 10 million yuan , multilayer required to put 5 million , HDI need to invest 200 million yuan or more . As a huge industry , division of labor is very small , there is specialized in drilling and other single- station process outsourcing , low-end surplus . HDI and other high-end printed circuit board industry is capital , labor -intensive industries , the management and technical requirements are relatively high , often become the bottleneck capacity expansion .